TL;DR

About 21,340 physicists nationally earn a mean of $192,822. Employment in the series shown rose about 22% from the first to the last year; projections imply about 5.2% annual growth.

Key Statistics

21,340
2023 Workforce
None
Average Age
$192,822
Average Salary

Physicists: what the data shows

Common questions about physicists careers, answered from BLS OEWS and O*NET in this repository.

What is a physicists?

Physicists is tracked by the Bureau of Labor Statistics under SOC 19-2012.

U.S. employment in our OEWS extract is about 21,340 workers.

What does a physicists do?

O*NET work activities rated highest for this occupation include Analyzing Data or Information, Working with Computers, Getting Information, Processing Information, Making Decisions and Solving Problems, Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge, and related tasks. See Work Activities for the full list.

How much does a physicists make?

BLS national median annual wage: $166,290 (May 2024 in our extract).

Mean annual wage in our occupational extract: $192,822 — higher than the median, which often reflects top earners in the distribution.

Wage percentileAnnual wage
10th percentile$106,621
25th percentile$169,022
Median (50th)$185,816
75th percentile$218,686

What education do you need?

For Physicists, O*NET incumbent surveys in our extract most often report: Some college (29%), High School or Equivalent (27%), Bachelors Degree (22%).

These are education levels of current workers, not minimum legal requirements.

What skills do you need?

O*NET ratings for this occupation emphasize skills such as Science, Mathematics, Reading Comprehension, Speaking, Critical Thinking, Active Learning, and knowledge areas including Physics, Mathematics, Engineering and Technology, Computers and Electronics. See Education & Skills for detail.

Is physicists in demand?

Historical employment trend in our series implies about 5.2% annual growth (compound rate in the extract).

Five-year projected employment change: 28.6%.

Ten-year projected employment change: 65.4%.

Current U.S. headcount: 21,340.

We report federal series only—compare wages, growth, and openings against your target market.

Where do physicistss work?

Top industries by employment share in our OEWS industry extract:

IndustryEmploymentShare
Cross-industry21,34016.3%
Cross-industry, Private Ownership only15,82012.1%
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services11,2608.6%
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services11,2608.6%
Scientific Research and Development Services10,0207.6%
Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences10,0107.6%

See Industry for charts.

What degrees lead to this career?

Common majors for Physicists in O*NET:

See Related degrees.

What careers are related?

Other occupations linked through shared degree pathways in our mapping:

OccupationU.S. employmentMedian wage
Computer Hardware Engineers75,710$155,020
Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters43,640$39,270
Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians36,880$52,080
Plating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic31,510$41,600
Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance3,320$50,280
Soil and Plant Scientists16,600$71,410
Biochemists and Biophysicists34,520$103,650

Employment

Employment and salary information for the Physicists workforce.

Employment Over Time

21,340 Workforce in 2023

The Physicists workforce has been growing over time.

Historical employment trends for Physicists.

Yearly Wage Ranking

$192,822 Average Wage

In 2023, Physicists earned an average of $192,822.

Wage ranking compared to other occupations.

Wage Distribution

This chart shows the distribution of average salaries by income buckets for Physicists.

Salary distribution for Physicists.

Employment Growth Projections

5.2% Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)

21,581 Projected Employment (5 years)

Projected growth: 28.6%

27,757 Projected Employment (10 years)

Projected growth: 65.4%

This occupation is projected to grow at 5.2% annually, indicating strong future demand.

Historical employment trends and future projections for Physicists.

Industry

Information on the industries that employ Physicists and on wages for those in the field.

Occupations by Industries

This graphic shows the share of Physicists employed by various industries.

Industry distribution for Physicists.

Wage Trends by Industry

9.9% Average Annual Wage Growth Rate

Total, All Industry: -10.3% growth (Current: $208,270)

Historical wage growth trends by industry for Physicists.

Geographic Distribution

Employment and wage information by geographic location for Physicists.

Metropolitan employment on this page is from the California OEWS extract. Area names omit state codes; all listed metros are in California, so the state chart shows California totals (not a multi-state ranking).

Top States by Employment

Top States by Employment:

  • CA: 2,170 employees, $170,973 avg wage

Top 10 states by employment for Physicists.

Top Metropolitan Areas

Top Metropolitan Areas:

  • San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City MD: 820 employees, $182,670 avg wage
  • San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara MSA: 430 employees, $208,270 avg wage
  • San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad MSA: 370 employees, $129,825 avg wage
  • Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale MD: 190 employees, $167,166 avg wage
  • Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine MD: 170 employees, $151,059 avg wage
  • Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom MSA: 100 employees, $118,434 avg wage
  • Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario MSA: 70 employees, $161,031 avg wage
  • Santa Maria-Santa Barbara MSA: 20 employees, $153,686 avg wage

Top 10 metropolitan statistical areas by employment for Physicists.

Diversity

Demographic information on Physicists in the US.

Gender and Age

The workforce of Physicists in 2023 was 21,340 people, with 62.0% women and 38.0% men.

Gender and age distribution for Physicists.

Races

Racial and ethnic shares when present in the career dataset. If the chart area shows a notice instead, occupational race/ethnicity fields are not yet populated for this extract.

Race and ethnicity distribution for Physicists.

Education & Skills

Data on higher education choices and required skills for Physicists.

Majors

The most common majors achieved by Physicists in 2023 were Business Administration, Engineering, Business.

Common majors for Physicists.

Education Levels

The main educational levels achieved by Physicists workers.

Education level distribution for Physicists.

Skills

Physicists need many skills, but most especially Science, Mathematics, Reading Comprehension, Speaking, Critical Thinking.

Required skills for Physicists.

Knowledge & Abilities

Knowledge areas and abilities required for Physicists.

Knowledge Areas

The most important knowledge areas for Physicists include Physics, Mathematics, Engineering and Technology, Computers and Electronics, English Language.

Knowledge areas required for Physicists.

Abilities

Key abilities needed for Physicists include Mathematical Reasoning, Number Facility, Written Comprehension, Fluency of Ideas, Deductive Reasoning.

Required abilities for Physicists.

Work Activities

Common work activities performed by Physicists.

Daily Activities

Physicists spend their time on activities such as Analyzing Data or Information, Working with Computers, Getting Information, Processing Information, Making Decisions and Solving Problems.

Most important work activities for Physicists.

About

Physicists

The average yearly wage for Physicists was $192,822 in 2023.

SOC Code

19-2012 - Physicists

Insights and Analysis

High earnings profile: Physicists reports an average salary of $192,822, placing it among stronger-paying occupations.

Labor market presence: The current workforce is approximately 21,340 workers, indicating sustained demand.

Forward outlook: Projected annual growth is 5.2%, which should inform long-term career planning.

Data Sources

This page uses data from the following sources:

  • College Scorecard - U.S. Department of Education
    • Institutional characteristics, costs, completion rates, and earnings data
    • Data years: 2015-2024
    • Source: collegescorecard.ed.gov
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)
    • Employment and wage data by occupation
    • Latest data: May 2024
    • Source: bls.gov/oes
  • O*NET Online - U.S. Department of Labor
    • Occupational skills, knowledge, abilities, and work activities
    • Database version: 28.0 (August 2023)
    • Source: onetcenter.org
  • IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System) - National Center for Education Statistics
    • Institutional data, completions, enrollment, and financial aid
    • Data years: 2015-2024
    • Source: nces.ed.gov/ipeds
  • Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS)
    • Demographic and workforce data
    • Latest data: 2023 ACS 5-Year Estimates
    • Source: census.gov/acs

Data Processing: All data has been processed, cleaned, and aggregated for presentation. Where specific data points are unavailable, estimates are based on available data and clearly marked.

Last Updated: Data reflects the most recent available information as of January 2025.

Methodology

Data for this profile is sourced from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS), Census Bureau American Community Survey (ACS), and O*NET Online.

All wage figures represent annual averages and may vary by location, industry, and experience level.