TL;DR

Colleges in California: median public in-state tuition $1,350 (-75.5% vs national median) median 10-year earnings $65,986 (+21.5% vs U.S.) employment-outcome proxy 90.1% working & not enrolled at 8 years median graduate debt $11,400 (-15.1% vs U.S.) 2,158,168 students enrolled statewide.

Key Facts

  • Total college enrollment: 2,158,168 students
  • Median public in-state tuition: $1,350 (-75.5% vs U.S.)
  • Median earnings 10 years after entry: $65,986 (+21.5% vs U.S.)
  • Working & not enrolled (8-yr cohort proxy): 90.1% (+2.1 pp vs U.S.)
  • Median net price: $8,343 (-16.3% vs U.S.)
  • Median student debt at graduation: $11,400 (-15.1% vs U.S. $13,432); regional median $11,750. Debt rank: #15 nationally of 48 (lower debt = better rank); #2 in Far West of 5
  • Average completion rate (institutions in state): 58.5%
  • Median first-year retention (full-time, 4-yr): 84.0%
  • Earnings rank: #2 nationally (higher median 10-yr earnings = better rank)
  • Employment-outcome rank: #18 nationally (higher working share = better rank)
  • Tuition rank: #1 of 48 states (lower sticker = better rank)
  • Student debt rank: #15 nationally of 48; #2 in Far West of 5 (lower debt = better rank)

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Overview

Higher education in California includes public research universities, private colleges, and community colleges serving transfer students and workforce training. About 2,158,168 students enrolled statewide in federal data, with median public in-state tuition near $1,350, and community college tuition averaging about $1,340. Major campuses include California State University-Fullerton and University of California-San Diego. The tables below compare costs, completion, earnings, debt, and employment outcomes for 155 reporting campuses against U.S. and Far West medians.

California vs regional & national benchmarks

Medians aggregate institution-level College Scorecard fields unless noted. Enrollment is total undergraduate headcount summed across reporting campuses.

State versus regional and national education metrics
Geography In-state tuition Net price Median debt Completion rate Enrollment
California (CA)$1,350$8,343$11,40058.5%2,158,168
Far West (region median)$3,284$9,128$11,75053.6%2,696,394
United States$5,512$9,967$13,43250.3%14,484,370

Earnings & employment outcomes: California vs benchmarks

Scorecard does not publish formal job-placement rates. We use the share of the 8-year cohort reported as working and not enrolled (working ÷ working + not working) as a federal employment-outcome proxy. 2-yr and 3-yr default rates are federal cohort default shares (0–1 scale). We show 2-yr default as the primary benchmark; 3-yr default appears only when enough campuses report non-suppressed values (otherwise —). 3-yr repayment progress is the share of completers making progress on loans after 3 years. Sample: bachelor's-predominant institutions with enrollment ≥ 200. Medians pool campus-level values.

Earnings and employment outcome benchmarks
Geography Median earnings (10 yr) Working & not enrolled (8 yr) Retention (FT yr 1) 2-yr default 3-yr default 3-yr repayment progress Debt ÷ earnings
California (CA)$65,98690.1%84.0%3.9%74.5%0.28
Far West (region median)$64,01089.6%80.7%3.8%75.4%0.32
United States$54,32387.9%76.3%5.0%73.7%0.41

California vs peer states (Far West region)

Peer states are other campuses in the same Scorecard region, chosen by similar total enrollment.

Peer comparison table
State In-state tuition Net price Median debt Completion Enrollment Earnings (10 yr) Working (8 yr)
California (CA)$1,350$8,343$11,40058.5%2,158,168$65,98690.1%
Washington (WA)$5,356$9,863$13,65346.4%226,333$63,53890.2%
Oregon (OR)$6,345$10,548$13,59555.1%159,039$60,17289.5%
Nevada (NV)$4,358$10,359$9,50038.0%95,795$57,82687.1%
Hawaii (HI)$3,268$8,556$11,75042.0%41,568$52,20982.5%
United States$5,512$9,967$13,43250.3%14,484,370$54,32387.9%

Outcomes by sector in California

Median campus-level metrics within each ownership type (public, private nonprofit, private for-profit).

Sector Campuses Median earnings (10 yr) Working share (8 yr) Retention 2-yr default 3-yr default 3-yr repayment
Private for-profit15$51,01782.0%75.4%7.7%59.6%
Private nonprofit66$68,71288.2%84.8%3.3%75.4%
Public33$64,90991.1%82.1%4.3%74.9%

Educational attainment context (California)

U.S. Census ACS 2024 — adults age 25+.

  • Bachelor's degree or higher: 37.1% of adults 25+
  • Some college, no degree (ACS): 19.77%

Program completions produced in California (IPEDS 2024)

Award completions by CIP family — supply-side context for nursing, cosmetology, and other pathways. Not placement rates.

Program areaCompletionsInstitutions
Registered Nursing (CIP 51.38)20,691165
Cosmetology (CIP 12.04)16,460132
Computer Science (CIP 11.01)7,013154
Business (CIP 52.01)3,29588

State workforce wages (BLS OEWS May 2024)

Context for graduate earnings — not a unemployment rate for recent grads (CEW state series not in repo).

  • All occupations median annual wage: $56,940
  • Education occupations (SOC 25-xxxx) median: $102,230

Program-level earnings in California (Scorecard)

  • Median 1-yr post-completion program earnings (across reporting campuses): $80,502
  • Median 4-yr post-completion: $103,918
  • Campuses with program earnings data: 128

Public 4-year in-state tuition trend: California

Median published in-state tuition, public 4-year institutions. Source: College Scorecard multi-year pull.

Top 10 colleges in California by graduation rate (150% time)

Ranked by 150% time completion rate (4-year bachelor's-predominant institutions, enrollment ≥ 500). Higher rate = more students finishing within 150% of normal time.

Top 10 colleges in California by employment outcome (8 yrs after entry, working & not enrolled)

Ranked by share of the 8-year cohort reported as working and not enrolled — a federal outcome proxy, not a verified job-placement rate. Enrollment ≥ 500.

Top 10 most selective colleges in California (lowest admission rate)

Ranked by lowest admission rate (most selective first). Bachelor's-predominant four-year institutions with enrollment ≥ 500 and a reported admission rate.

Top 10 colleges in California by entry-level earnings (1 yr post-completion, program)

Ranked by median program-level earnings one year after completion (highest first). Enrollment ≥ 300; reflects completers in reported CIP programs, not all entrants.

Top 10 colleges in California by early-career earnings (4 yr post-completion, program)

Ranked by median program-level earnings four years after completion (highest first). Enrollment ≥ 300; program cohort, not institution-wide median.

Top 10 colleges in California by mid-career earnings (6 yrs after entry)

Ranked by median earnings six years after entry (highest first). Bachelor's-predominant institutions with enrollment ≥ 500.

Top 10 colleges in California by 8-year earnings (8 yrs after entry)

Ranked by median earnings eight years after entry (highest first). Bachelor's-predominant institutions with enrollment ≥ 500.

Top 10 colleges in California by long-term earnings (10 yrs after entry)

Ranked by median earnings ten years after entry (highest first). Bachelor's-predominant institutions with enrollment ≥ 500.

Top 10 colleges in California by 10-year ROI

Ranked by 10-year return on investment (highest first). Bachelor's-predominant institutions with enrollment ≥ 200 and a computed ROI in the EDsmart dataset.

Top 10 most affordable colleges in California (net price)

Ranked by lowest average net price (most affordable first). Uses overall net price, or mid-income bracket net price for public schools when available. Enrollment ≥ 300.

Top 10 colleges in California by first-year retention (full-time)

Ranked by first-year, full-time retention rate (highest first). Bachelor's-predominant four-year institutions with enrollment ≥ 500.

In-state tuition: California vs benchmarks

Sticker price

California median in-state tuition is $1,350, -75.5% vs the U.S. median.

Student debt: California vs benchmarks

Borrowing

Median debt at graduation in California is $11,400 (-15.1% vs U.S. median $13,432). Regional median: $11,750. Rank: #15 nationally of 48 (lower debt = better rank); #2 in Far West of 5.

Median earnings (10 years out): California vs benchmarks

Payoff

Median earnings 10 years after entry for bachelor's-predominant campuses in California center around $65,986 (+21.5% vs U.S.).

Median institution-level 10-year earnings. Source: College Scorecard.

Employment outcome proxy: California vs benchmarks

Working & not enrolled

The share of the 8-year cohort reported as working and not enrolled—our Scorecard employment proxy—is 90.1% at the median California campus (+2.1 pp vs U.S.).

Percent of 8-year cohort working and not enrolled (not a formal placement rate).

Analysis & insights

EDsmart Data aggregates institution-level College Scorecard data for this profile. Highlights below compare local medians to U.S. and regional benchmarks.

Costs & borrowing

California median public in-state tuition is $1,350, about -75.5% vs the national median. Versus the Far West region, tuition is -58.9%.

Median graduate debt is $11,400 (-15.1% below the U.S. median of $13,432, and -3.0% vs the Far West regional median of $11,750). Low sticker prices do not always mean low borrowing—living costs, time-to-degree, and aid mix matter.

Student debt rank: #15 nationally of 48 (lower debt = better rank); #2 in Far West of 5 (1 = lowest median debt).

On published in-state tuition, California ranks #1 nationally (1 = lowest median sticker among states with data).

Earnings, employment & retention

Among bachelor's-predominant campuses with ≥200 students, median 10-year earnings in California are $65,986, about +21.5% vs the U.S. campus median ($54,323).

The median campus reports 90.1% of its 8-year cohort as working and not enrolled—our closest federal proxy to a placement rate. The U.S. campus median is 87.9% (+2.1 pp). Formal job-placement statistics are not published in Scorecard; treat this as a comparative outcome indicator, not a hire guarantee.

First-year, full-time retention at the median campus is 84.0% vs a U.S. median of 76.3%—a leading indicator for completion and time-to-degree.

Loan repayment indicators at the median campus: 2-yr default 3.9% (U.S. 5.0%); 3-yr repayment progress 74.5% (U.S. 73.7%). 3-yr default is omitted when most campuses report suppressed zeros.

Nationally, California ranks earnings #2 and employment proxy #18 on these outcome medians (1 = best).

Top employment-outcome campuses in this extract include California State University Maritime Academy (94.8%), Westmont College (94.2%), California Polytechnic State University-San Luis Obispo (94.1%), Samuel Merritt University (93.8%), Loma Linda University (93.6%), West Coast University-Ontario (93.6%), West Coast University-Orange County (93.6%), West Coast University-Los Angeles (93.6%), University of the Pacific (93.5%), Saint Mary's College of California (92.7%)—useful anchors for local reporting on where graduates are most often working rather than still enrolled.

Completion & workforce context

Within California, sector medians diverge: Private for-profit median 10-yr earnings $51,017 (15 campuses); Private nonprofit median 10-yr earnings $68,712 (66 campuses); Public median 10-yr earnings $64,909 (33 campuses). Public campuses often dominate enrollment while private nonprofits can show higher earnings medians at selective institutions.

Average institution-level completion rate across all sectors in California is 58.5% (national institution average about 50.3%).

National Student Clearinghouse data cite roughly 5,941,080 residents with some college but no credential in California (YoY change 1.90%). That stock of incomplete credentials sits alongside the completion and employment metrics above.

City profiles in this state

Metro and city aggregates for places with at least three reporting campuses in the College Scorecard.

FAQ

How much does college cost in California?

Median in-state tuition among reporting campuses in California is $1,350 and median net price is $8,343. U.S. medians are $5,512 (tuition) and $9,967 (net price). California tuition is about -75.5% vs the national median; net price is -16.3%.

What is typical student debt for graduates in California?

Median federal loan debt among completers in California is $11,400 vs a U.S. median of $13,432 (California ranks #15 nationally for median debt among states.)

What do graduates earn in California?

Median earnings 10 years after entry for California campuses reporting to the College Scorecard is $65,986 vs $54,323 nationally. Six-year medians are $52,620.

What share of California graduates are working after college?

The federal employment-outcome proxy used on this site (8-year cohort working and not enrolled) has a median of 90.1% in California vs 87.9% nationally.

How many colleges are in California?

This profile aggregates 155 campuses with cost or outcomes data in California and roughly 2,158,168 total reported enrollment.

How many public vs. private colleges are in California?

Among campuses with outcomes in the College Scorecard extract: 33 public, 66 private nonprofit, and 15 private for-profit institutions.

What are the top colleges in California?

Rankings on this page are drawn from College Scorecard medians; standouts include highest 150%-time graduation rate: California Institute of Technology; highest 10-year earnings: Samuel Merritt University; lowest net price among large campuses: California State University-San Bernardino. See the ranked lists below for full details.

Are there HBCUs, Hispanic-serving, tribal, or religious colleges in California?

Among 668 campuses in California, 444 campuses with at least 25% Hispanic enrollment in College Scorecard demographics—a common Hispanic-serving institution (HSI) eligibility proxy; examples include College of Alameda, Allan Hancock College, and Berkeley School of Theology; 55 religiously affiliated private nonprofit campuses (IPEDS RELAFFIL); most common affiliations: Roman Catholic (11), Undenominational (5), Assemblies of God Church (4).

How does California compare to its Census region?

California is in the Far West region. Regional median in-state tuition is $3,284 and median debt is $11,750 vs $1,350 tuition and $11,400 debt in California.

Sources & related